1. What is Reim Quantum Technologies?
Reim Quantum Technologies LLC (RQT) is an educational and research project created by Dick Reim to investigate patterns in atomic, nuclear, and subatomic structure and to present those patterns visually through charts, diagrams, and animations.
One of the guiding ideas behind RQT is very simple:
Seeing is understanding.
2. What is the Outer Atom Table?
The Outer Atom Table (OAT) reorganizes the chemical elements according to the quantum-state filling sequence of their electrons.
The familiar electron Subshells normally designated s, p, d, and f are represented in the OAT as A, B, C, and D, with the sequence extended to E, F, and G as additional structural patterns are explored.
Instead of learning electron configurations as information added to the Periodic Table afterward, the OAT makes the electron filling sequence part of the physical organization of the table itself.
3. How old is the Periodic Table of Elements?
Dmitri Mendeleev published his first widely recognized Periodic Table in 1869.
This was an extraordinary accomplishment because Mendeleev organized the elements before scientists knew about electrons, protons, neutrons, electron Shells, Subshells, orbitals, or quantum numbers.
The Periodic Table therefore began as an organization based primarily upon observed chemical properties and the atomic information available at the time.
4. How long after the Periodic Table was the electron discovered?
J. J. Thomson identified the electron as a subatomic particle in 1897, approximately 28 years after Mendeleev published his Periodic Table.
Mendeleev therefore could not possibly have used electron structure when he originally organized the elements.
5. When was the quantum structure of the electron discovered?
Our understanding developed gradually.
The first decades of the twentieth century brought discoveries involving quantized energy, atomic Shells, electron spin, the Pauli Exclusion Principle, quantum numbers, and wave mechanics.
By the 1920s, the foundations of the modern quantum-mechanical description of electron structure were taking recognizable form.
This occurred roughly half a century after Mendeleev began organizing the elements.
6. When was nuclear quantum data discovered?
Ernest Rutherford’s work established the existence of the atomic nucleus in 1911, and James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932.
During subsequent decades, scientists accumulated experimental measurements of nuclear spin, parity, magnetic moments, energy levels, and isotope properties.
Much of the information that can now be used to search for patterns within the nucleus simply did not exist when the Periodic Table was created.
7. Does the Outer Atom Table replace the Periodic Table?
Yes. I believe it should.
That does not mean Mendeleev was wrong. Quite the opposite.
Mendeleev accomplished something remarkable with the information available to him. He recognized chemical relationships among the elements before anyone knew the quantum structure responsible for many of those relationships.
Science, however, did not stop in 1869.
The Outer Atom Table reorganizes the elements using electron quantum information that was unavailable to Mendeleev.
The chemical families remain recognizable, but the underlying electron filling sequence becomes visible in the structure of the table.
If we were designing a table of the elements today, knowing everything that has been learned about electron quantum states since Mendeleev’s time, should we automatically choose the same organization developed before the electron was even discovered?
I don’t believe we should.
8. Why does the OAT look so much like portions of the Periodic Table?
This is actually one of the things I find most remarkable about Mendeleev’s accomplishment.
Mendeleev was already organizing elements into groups that would later be understood through their electron structure — before anyone knew that electron Shells and Subshells existed.
That is why approximately 95% of the familiar block structure remains recognizable in the Outer Atom Table.
The fundamental information was already there.
The blocks just needed to be rearranged.
I don’t view the OAT as proving that Mendeleev got it wrong. I view it as continuing a job that Mendeleev began without access to the quantum information we possess today.
9. If inert gases are stable because their “outer Shell is full,” why do most of them have unoccupied Subshells in that Shell?
This question bothered me when I was developing the Outer Atom Table in the 1980s.
Helium completely fills Shell 1.
Neon completely fills Shell 2 with eight electrons.
Beginning with Argon, however, something important changes. Argon still has eight electrons in its outer occupied Shell, but additional Subshells belonging to Shell 3 remain unoccupied.
Therefore, saying that Argon’s entire outer Shell is “full” can create a misleading picture.
When I was developing the OAT, I went through chemistry books in the University of Central Florida library specifically looking at how they explained this. I found that roughly half described the eight-electron configuration appropriately, while others simply said that the outer Shell was full.
The OAT makes the distinction visually obvious.
Eight outer electrons do not necessarily mean that every available Subshell within that Shell is occupied.
10. Why is the number 8 so important in chemistry?
With the exception of Helium, the inert or noble gases have eight electrons in their outer occupied electron configuration.
This familiar eight-electron pattern is also behind the octet rule used to explain much of basic chemical bonding.
For example, sodium and chlorine can form sodium chloride through electron transfer, while atoms in molecules such as water achieve stable configurations through electron sharing.
But the important distinction is this:
Eight outer electrons does not necessarily mean that the entire Shell is full.
The OAT makes that distinction much easier to see.
11. What is the Inner Atom Table?
The Inner Atom Table (IAT) is an RQT model for organizing patterns found in the quantum properties of protons and neutrons within atomic nuclei.
The table pattern was based on the known energy order of the nuclear subshells listed in nuclear physics books. The pattern was revealed when the nuclear subshells were broken down into the known conjugate pairs.
The table filling sequence was developed through comparison with measured isotope properties, particularly nuclear spin and parity.
The IAT uses Shells, Subshells, orbital positions, spin, and parity to organize those patterns visually.
12. Are the OAT and IAT Ring Diagrams pictures of what atoms actually look like?
No.
The Ring Diagrams are visual representations of the organizational patterns contained within the tables.
They should not be interpreted as photographs of atoms or as literal trajectories followed by electrons, protons, or neutrons.
Their purpose is to make otherwise difficult patterns visible.
13. Why do the OAT and IAT Ring Diagrams have similar patterns?
Both tables reveal related numerical patterns involving Shells and Subshells.
One particularly interesting sequence is:
1 → 11 → 121 → 1221 → 12321 → 123321 → 1234321
These numbers represent occupied Subshell positions by Shell in the RQT diagrams. They are not electron counts.
The Outer Atom Table and Inner Atom Table organize their states in different filling sequences.
That difference is fundamental to the two tables.
Each Table IS that order.
14. Are the RQT atomic and nuclear diagrams drawn to scale?
No.
The atomic nucleus is enormously smaller than the overall atom. Showing both at their true relative sizes on an ordinary chart would make the nucleus almost impossible to see.
RQT diagrams deliberately enlarge structures so their organizational relationships can be studied visually.
15. Why is The Urantia Book important to the development of Reim Quantum Technologies?
Some of the questions explored by RQT originated with statements contained in The Urantia Book concerning the organization of matter below the electron.
Those statements provided ideas that could be compared with patterns I was already investigating in atomic and nuclear structure.
My purpose is not to ask readers to accept those ideas simply because they appear in a book.
My approach has been:
If the statement is true, can we find a physical or mathematical structure that helps explain why it would be true?
16. Where did the word “Ultimaton” originate?
For the purposes of RQT research, the term Ultimaton comes from The Urantia Book.
Paper 42, “Energy—Mind and Matter,” discusses Ultimatons in its description of the organization of matter below the electron.
The book states that 100 Ultimatons constitute one electron.
The book also states that a disruption occurs when 101 electrons are introduced to an atom so only 100 elements can exist with matching proton/electron numbers. This means that all other elements created by scientists from 101-118 never had the corresponding number of electrons with the protons.
This becomes clear when you research the valence data and find out the data ends at element 105 with a valence of +5, while element 104 has a valence of +4, and element 103 has a valence of +3. These elements never had the extra electrons to lose.
17. Does the Electron-Proton Mass Ratio add up correctly using the four charts presented?
The four RQT charts provide a numerical path that can be used to make a simple comparison with the known electron-proton mass ratio.
The RQT model begins with:
1 Electron = 100 U-Particles
The Sub-Gluon Table gives:
1 Gluon = 182 U-Particles
The Gluon-Quark Table gives:
1 Quark structure = 334 Gluons
A proton contains three quarks, so a simple first-pass calculation gives:
182 U-Particles × 334 Gluons × 3 Quarks = 182,364 U-Particles
Dividing this by the 100 U-Particles proposed for one electron gives:
182,364 ÷ 100 = 1,823.64
The experimentally measured proton-to-electron mass ratio is approximately:
1,836.15 : 1
Therefore:
RQT calculated ratio = 1,823.64 : 1
Measured ratio = 1,836.15 : 1
The difference is approximately:
12.51 electron masses, or about 0.68%.
The calculated RQT value is slightly lower than the measured electron-proton mass ratio. One possibility worth investigating is whether some or all of the remaining difference represents a contribution associated with the three quarks themselves. Since the present RQT charts do not yet describe the internal structure of an individual quark, this calculation should be viewed as an interesting numerical clue rather than a completed structural derivation.
The question remains: What accounts for the missing 0.68%?
18. Who is Nigel Nunn, and how did his work influence RQT?
Nigel Nunn independently investigated concepts contained in The Urantia Book concerning Ultimatons and subatomic structure.
His videos and research introduced the spinor concept that became an important starting point for my own investigation.
I want to be very clear about attribution:
The spinor idea came directly from Nigel Nunn’s work.
My RQT research has attempted to continue from that starting point, particularly by investigating a question that remained unresolved: how the units within these structures might be organized and shared to form the electron.
I recommend watching all of Nigel’s videos on his YouTube channel.
19. Why does The Urantia Book describe a maximum of 100 electrons when the Periodic Table contains 118 elements?
This is one of the questions that particularly interests me.
The Urantia Book describes a limit involving atomic systems containing 100 electrons, while today’s Periodic Table extends to element 118.
At first glance, this appears to be a contradiction.
For example, the valence information I studied around elements 103, 104, and 105 was one of the clues that caused me to question whether the elements beyond the 100-electron region should be interpreted in exactly the same way as the naturally occurring atomic sequence below it.
The valence data stopped at element 105 which had a +5 valence. Element 104 had a +4 valence. Element 103 had a +3 valence. I then realized that Element 105 did NOT lose 5 electrons, it NEVER had them. Same with elements 104 and 103. So this matches what the Urantia Book says.
20. What are the Gluon-Quark and Sub-Gluon Tables?
These tables extend the RQT search for organizational patterns below the nuclear level.
They explore possible structures involving quarks, gluons, and ultimately the proposed U-Particle or Ultimaton.
These deeper models are considerably more theoretical than the electron configurations displayed in the OAT or the experimentally measured isotope properties used in developing the IAT.
They are presented as models to investigate, question, and test — not as experimentally established subatomic structures.
21. Which parts of RQT are based on measured scientific data and which parts are theoretical?
This distinction is important.
Electron configurations, atomic numbers, isotope nuclear spins, parity measurements, and other established atomic and nuclear measurements are experimental scientific information.
The Outer Atom Table and Inner Atom Table are RQT methods of reorganizing and interpreting patterns within that information.
The deeper Gluon-Quark, Sub-Gluon, Ultimaton, and spinor structures become progressively more theoretical.
Throughout this website I will try to distinguish between:
What has been measured, what RQT observes in those measurements, and what RQT proposes as a possible explanation.
22. Can teachers and students use the free RQT charts?
Yes.
The downloadable student editions are provided for personal and classroom educational use.
They may be studied, displayed, and used as teaching materials.
They may not be resold, commercially reproduced, modified for redistribution, or represented as someone else’s work without permission.
23. Who created the RQT tables and diagrams?
The Outer Atom Table and subsequent RQT tables, diagrams, animations, and interpretations were developed by Dick Reim, a retired electrical engineer, through many years of investigating patterns in atomic and nuclear information.
Some concepts used in later RQT theoretical research have other origins and are credited accordingly — particularly The Urantia Book and Nigel Nunn’s work involving spinors.
The complete story is discussed on the My Story page.
24. How can I contact Reim Quantum Technologies?
Questions, comments, scientific criticism, and thoughtful discussion are welcome.
Reim Quantum Technologies
ReimQuantumTechnologies@gmail.com
A note from Dick
This website presents both established scientific information and ideas that challenge conventional ways of organizing or interpreting that information.
I don’t expect every reader to agree with my conclusions.
I do hope readers will look at the patterns, examine the data, ask questions, and reach their own conclusions.
Seeing is understanding.